Details

Case

Pakistan During Democracy 1988-1999

Humayun Khalid, Imran Ali

INDUSTRY : Business History

AREA : Business History

ORGANIZATION : Asea

LENGTH : 34

LUMS No : 14-101-2004-1

PUBLICATION YEAR : 2004

KEYWORDS:

Pakistan,Democracy,Politics,History,Politial Economy,Government,Military Rule,Military

DESCRIPTION:

The case is the fifth in a module of cases on Pakistan's political economy and business development. The four earlier cases dealt with the four previous distinct periods into which this discussion can be divided for Pakistan since 1947. The first case concerns the period from 1947 to 1958, or the period of civilian rule. The second is about the Ayub Khan era and military rule, from 1958 to 1969. The third case is about the Peoples Party government of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, during the years 1970 to 1977. The fourth deals with the next period, the Zia years and military rule from 1977 to 1988. These five cases can be taught as a quite detailed exercise in country analysis, in this case of Pakistan. Each case can be taught in isolation for focused issues. Alternatively, they can be taught together in sequence, for analysis over a longer time frame, as a case study of a lesser developed country going through varied, and contrasting, phases in its political economy, and the trajectory of business development. Many themes run through these cases, enabling instructors and participants to compare and contrast national development strategies, sector-based policies, economic change, and the political and social dynamics of development, over a time span of half a century. Though inter-linked, each case is self sufficient and autonomous in its discussion themes and analytical issues. An analysis of Pakistan¿s political economy, business development and business-government relations, falls quite neatly into the five distinct periods since 1947. Therefore this and the other cases can either be taught in sequence, as a module, or separately. The latter option would be relevant if teaching objectives concern particular dynamics of national strategy, such as early post-colonial economic planning and developments in business structure (the 1950s); industrial wealth concentration and authoritarianism (the 1960s); nationalization strategies and social agendas (the 1970s); and economic conserv+N59atism under dependent militarism (the 1980s). The current case, for the 1990s, represents the most recent phase. It illustrates the vagaries of planning, policy distortions and business malpractices, in a period of civilian regimes that follow upon military rule, whose influence they cannot entirely shake off, and to which they eventually succumb once more.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

This case is the fifth in a module of cases on Pakistan's political economy and business development. These five cases can be taught as a quite detailed exercise in country analysis, in this case of Pakistan. Each case can be taught in isloation for focused issues. Alternatively, they can be taught together in sequence, for analysis over a longer time frame, as a case study of a lesser developed country going through varied, and contrasting, phases in its political economy, and the trajectory of business development.

SUBJECTS COVERED:

Business History, Governance, Politics